Khalid. And Waleed was centimeters from joining them both. Josef tried to hide in the corner of his bed, but shadowy hands snatched at him. Go in there and unlock those doors this minute. Just because you had your bar mitzvah doesnt make you an adult, Renata told him, and Evelyne stuck her tongue out at him. Ahead of them stretched a small city of white canvas tents, their pointed tops staggered like whitecaps on a choppy sea. Mahmoud told his dad that he wanted to board a boat and go to Italy, where he'd have a chance to go to school. Despite her grief, Isabel is able to persevere and guide her family to reach the shores of Miami. The afternoon adhan from a nearby mosque echoed through the bombed-out streets of Aleppo, the melodious, ethereal voice of the muadhdhin praising Allah and calling everyone to prayer. Thank you. No ambulances came to help the wounded. The Free Syria Army and al-Qaeda are fighting there now. The door next to Mahmoud opened, and one of the soldiers nudged him up from the floor and into the back with Waleed. Buskers played rumbas on guitars and drums. Klaus had winced to show Josef how sorry he was that Herr Meier had done that to him. He had to get up. It felt like ages since hed been inside a synagogue. (LogOut/ Mahmoud and Waleed turned down a different rubble-strewn alley than the day before and stopped dead. Mahmouds mother was carrying their school backpacks, and she traded them for Hana. But, the difficulties persist as the boat is just a rubber dingy. But when the building the Bishara's live in is hit and destroyed by a missile attack, the family knows it is time to leave Syria with its violent civil war behind and . They threw Josef and Ruth on the floor once more and flicked on the overhead light. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Dont take him! The Brownshirt scowled at the noise and gave the men carrying Aaron Landau a dismissive wave. Isabel clung to the wooden bench she sat on, squeezed in between Ivn and her grandfather. The German train car didnt feel any different than the Jewish car. What do you think youre doing? the older policeman barked. One of the soldiers cocked his rifle. The men wore jeans and T-shirts and tracksuits; the women wore dresses and abayas and hijabs. Buy tickets. Mahmouds father gives the man what he asked for and hurries the family away. Mahmoud Bishara is a 12-year-old boy from Aleppo, Syria who lives in 2015 in the book Refugee. Dad, our house is gone! Mahmoud told him. Bullets whizzed by, then caught the car againping-ping-pingand Mahmouds dad threw open the drivers-side door and pulled Mom and Hana out with him. We werent together when it started, her grandfather said. Mahmoud explains how they gave, people who hadnt survived. Turkish guards in light green camo gear with automatic weapons and white surgical masks over their faces walked up and down the line, staring at each of them in turn. Get washed up. Mahmouds mother, Fatima Bishara, held her pink iPhone in one hand, and in her free arm she carried Mahmouds baby sister, Hana. More ships full of refugees? He only manages to survive by staying off everyone's radar. Twitchy. Teachers and parents! But the Nazis had told them to get out of Germany twice now, and the Landau family wasnt going to wait around to see what the Nazis would do next. But when hed removed the coin, his armband had slipped out too. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Assad made people who didnt like him disappear. Josef and Ruthie went over to see what they were doing. Josef wore his best shirt and tie. Move. No ambulances came to help the wounded. Izzat so? the fisherman said. A building shuddered and collapsed, smoke and debris avalanching out into the street. Isabel waded into the water, the waves lapping up to the bottom of her shorts. But maybe this is what becoming a man is, Josef thought. Praise for Refugee Title Page Dedication Josef: Berlin, Germany1938 Isabel: Just outside Havana, Cuba1994 Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria2015 Josef: Berlin, Germany1939 Isabel: Havana, Cuba1994 Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria2015 Josef: On a Train to Hamburg, Germany1939 Isabel: Just outside Havana, Cuba1994 Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: Just outside Havana, Cuba1994 Mahmoud: Just outside Aleppo, Syria2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: The Straits of Florida, Somewhere North of Cuba1994 Mahmoud: Kilis, Turkey2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: The Straits of Florida, Somewhere North of Cuba1994 Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: The Straits of Florida, Somewhere North of Cuba1994 Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: The Straits of Florida, Somewhere North of Cuba1994 Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey2015 Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere on the Straits of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea2015 Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere on the Caribbean Sea1994 Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea2015 Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea2015 How will we get there? By car first. Mahmouds father shrugged. What do you think the States will be like? Isabels mother asked everyone. She panicked, her worst fears come true, and suddenly a blinding light lit her up. Havana was rioting, and her father and grandfather were somewhere right in the middle of it. Two. Josef wished they could stay on board the St. Louis forever. Until we can come back home. Its cold in Germany, Mahmoud said. Thank God youre all alive! he cried. He stood in a long line with his family, waiting at the border to gain admission into Turkey, near the city of Kilis. Other Jewish homes and businesses and synagogues were destroyed all over Germany, and tens of thousands of Jewish men were arrested and sent to concentration camps. Mahmouds father waited for another lull in the shooting, and then they all hurried away from the car, leaving everything else they owned behind. Josef and Ruth each carried a suitcase, and their mother carried two more one for herself, and one for Josefs father. Quickly now, children, Mama said. How about Jorge? The entire outside wall of Mahmouds apartment was gone. He looked around manically, like there were spies everywhere. She had flawless olive skin, long black hair, and full red lips. Josef jumped, and his mother took a frightened step back. A Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle! Mahmoud screamed again and pushed the man away as the car skidded to a stop. The circus is in town! Mahmoud looked around. Please, Isabel said. The group walks all the way to the Austrian border, where they are welcomed. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Mahmoud finally sees the power of visibility when he decides to walk out of the Hungarian detention center and lead the other refugees on a 12-hour march to Austria. Mahmoud waited for his brother to finish, then rolled up their mats and went back to Not before coming home every day with horror stories about the people shed helped put back together. Theres no food to feed the baby here anyway, Isabel said. There was a small group of them, up on the rocks overlooking the inlet. It was the one with the red bandanna. No sirens rang. Finally, Shabbos arrived. Isabel hurried after her. Incidents like this were common in Aleppo lately. Were going to latch all the stalls from the inside and crawl out under the doors so no one can use the toilets! No, dont Josef tried to tell them, but they were already gone. Isabel knew that, because her own father had tried and had been thrown in jail for a year. But by then it will be too late. Mahmoud remembered the horror hed felt when his apartment building collapsed and hed thought his mom was still inside. Ill be a man soon enough, Josef told them. Hush, Josef begged her. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Refine any search. The trick was to be invisible. It was an ugly blue thing cobbled together out of old metal advertisements and road signs and oil drums. The paint was peeling, and the buildings were old and weathered, but they still looked grand to Isabel. The policeman raised his truncheon to hit her father again, and Isabel jumped in between them. Josef was about to leave when he thought to buy Ruthie a piece of candy. Pleasedont. Ruth wrapped herself around Josefs leg and wailed. Couldnt breathe! Enough to arrest her family for trying to leave Cuba. It had fallen five stories to the ground below, along with the outside wall. Thank you! Isabel cried. Waleed didnt seem to get excited about much these days. Years. Thinking about Klaus made Josef think about other things, but he blinked away the bad memories. The fisherman had to take it in trade. Waleed didnt know it, but hed saved the day. It was a marriage procession, Mahmoud realized. Halfway to the ground, the building shifted again and the concrete stairs broke away from the wall, leaving a five-centimeter crack. The spell of happiness and safety was momentarily broken by the unforgettable memories of the chaos they had just escaped. Once you were in one of the EU countries, though, like Greece or Hungary or Germany, you could apply for asylum and be granted official refugee status. Josef's story begins when Josef's father Aaron gets taken away on Kristallnacht and is sent to the Dachau concentration camp by Nazi Stormtroopers. There wont be enough men there to form a minyan! Papa said. Random death from a fighter jets missile or a soldiers rocket launcher might come at any moment, when you least expected it. Its not safe here. Asked by Bishara. Paranoid. Other children darted in and out among the adults, laughing and chasing each other into the alleys of tents off the main drag. Tomorrow. I know it. It's Playing out in His Novels (Published 2018)", "Refugee by Alan Gratz A Timely and Important Novel", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Refugee_(Gratz_novel)&oldid=1120635547, This page was last edited on 8 November 2022, at 01:30. Papis eyes were wide as he stood from the kitchen table. Lets have a song, Lito said. Klaus had been wearing the same uniform this boy did now. Thats when Mahmoud had realized that together, he and Khalid were bigger targets; alone, it was easier to be invisible. All right, then. Here, Mahmoud emphasizes that being invisible serves as a form of protection for him: the less he is noticed, the less likely it is for him to be attacked. (Al-Assad took military action against the rebel Syrians and the war continues to this day, although now in a much more confusing form. Complete your free account to request a guide. Isabel shook her head. He was thinner too. Her father looked surprised at the question. of the Havana baseball team the Industriales. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Ever since the Soviet Union had collapsed, the only currency most Cubans had were the booklets you got stamped when you went to pick up your food rations from the store. How long will it take to get to Florida? she asked. An irregular rhythm that lay over the top of the regular beat, like a heartbeat beneath the skin. Do you understand? I Yes, Josef stammered. Without offering any additional details while the disturbance continues, Iranian official television reported that the death toll from protests following the murder of a 22-year-old woman in police custody has increased to nearly two dozen. There are more refugees than at any time in the last 70 years. It took her a moment to process it, but this was really happening. Then he folded his hands over his stomach and said a brief prayer before reciting the first chapter of the Quran, the most holy book in Islam. Mahmoud is beaten up by the local kids for being Syrian, he's unable to gain a place in a school, and his father can't see a way for his son to have a future. Evelyne got quiet, and Josef could hear the woman desperately rattling the stall doors, looking for a toilet. Mahmoud saw a cardboard box of used toys at one of the shops and knelt to dig in it while his What other ships were they talking about? And back again. Isabels heart soared, and she hopped up and down. Mahmoud and his mother fight to live in the Mediterranean, but the Greek Coast Guard finally saves the family. Refugee is more than a story about children fleeing their homelands, it is a story about what unites us all: love, family, and perseverance. Christina Diaz Gonzalez, award-winning author of Moving Target A gripping, visceral, and hold-your-breath intense story of three young refugees. John Green, #1 New York Times bestselling author of Turtles All the Way Down An intelligent, human, harrowing read. Ellen Silva, NPR Meant to be read, discussed, and shared widely. School Library Journal A haunting fictional treatment of historic events. Booklist Unflinching and sympathetic. The New York Times A stunning, poignant novel. He reared back again to hit Isabel, and she flinched. And then, six months after hed been taken away, they got a telegram. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Shed quit the hospital when Hana was born, but not before the war had begun. The Chief of the World Health Organization (WHO), Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, visited Syria on Wednesday for the first time after the earthquake. Based on the events of the story, which most likely will happen? But when they arrive, they find the Hungarian soldiers building a fence to keep them out. Dont be so quick to grow up, boy, the Brownshirt told Josef. Ivn! his father called from next door. And then his lungs were working again, raking in great gulps. Refine any search. Nomads and refugees in western Pakistan and northern Iraq at one time totaled more than 5 million, many of whom have recently returned to . Isabel looked back over her shoulder. And work. No! Josef screamed. I know weve been talking about leaving. Tears sprang to Josefs eyes. Or else someone will catch her and eat her. All right, Mahmouds father was saying. Were building a doghouse, he said, before sprinting away. With the trumpet in one arm and the kitten in the other, she ran the few blocks to the beach, where she banged on the door of a fisherman her grandfather knew. Mahmoud sank to the floor of the old Mercedes station wagon and tried to disappear. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Mahmoud is 13 years old in 2015, and lives in Aleppo, Syria with his father Youssef, his mother Fatima, his 10-year-old brother Waleed, and his infant sister Hana. A mural painted on the side of the gas station showed President Assad, his dark hair cut short and a thin mustache underneath his pointy nose. She saw her papi just as he reared back and threw a bottle that smashed into the line of police along the seawall. We need help!, Dont you see? Lito said. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. What was his first name? It was the last straw for the police. No, my son is just twelve. Back to their deaths. Ready or not, if we want to live, we have to leave Syria. It was easier to stay invisible that way. Ill get another one in the States, she said. Waleed! It wasnt there anymore. What nation and city had Mahmoud and his family been waiting in line to enter? If you were invisible, the bad people couldnt hurt you, that was true. Unfortunately, the boat runs aground onto rocks and pops, dumping all the passengers in the freezing water. Twelve-year-old Mahmoud Bishara is used to being invisibleit is how he survives. Some people fled from the chaos, but more people raced toward it, and Isabel ran with them. A social worker approaches Mahmoud's family and asks if they are seeking asylum in Germany ( Germany accepted 124,845 Syrian refugees in 2017 and the EU as a whole accepted 538,000 total refugees). Here, lets have a song anyway. He began singing a salsa song and tapping out the rhythm on the side of the metal boat. Along with Isabel and Mahmoud, he is one of the books three protagonists. It was better not to have friends in Syria in 2015. Refugee (Alan Gratz) Read the first paragraph of Ch.22 . But, Mahmouds father has stopped joking, numb and broken from the beating he had recieved after standing up to a soldier. Mahmoud and his family then go to the railway station, where they will spend the night in Germany. Someone was in the house! Josef, a refugee, is somewhere across the Atlantic Ocean, 8 days from home, in 1939. A roar like a hot wind rising outside. We didnt ask you to come along! Its our gasoline! Isabels father yelled. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Mahmoud knew they needed their phones to help them get to Turkey. He hated that man. Bishar al-Assad. Please, take us with you! See the top reviewed local carpet contractors in Witzhave, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany on Houzz. Refugee by Alan Gratz (16) One of Mahmoud's friends died in an airstrike. The north. (This displacement has been decided upon or forced for 55% of Syrians since the start of the war in 2011. Mahmoud Bishara-Refugee Mahmoud Bishara, Age 12, Aleppo, Syria Lauryn V, Copyright 2022 April 21, 2022 In the book Refugee by, Alan Gratz their were three characters, Mahmoud, Isabell , and Josef. Just a moments kindness from each of them might mean the difference between death and survival for her mother and everyone else on the little raft. But if he looked right at them, they would Wouldnt want to be him for all the sugar in Cuba. Josef backed away. Yet Mahmoud also hints at some of the drawbacks that come with being invisible, such as the fact that Mahmoud and Khalid had to stop being friends, thus cutting off a vital source of support for Mahmoud. Luis, the older boy whod saved her from the policemans nightstick, wasnt home from work yet, and neither was his mother, Juaneta, who worked at the cooperative law office. Underneath this painting were the words, FIGHT AGAINST THE IMPOSSIBLE AND WIN. I found a bit of dead fish on the beach for the cat. Isabel recoiled at the smell, but the kitten came running back, eating greedily from Ivns hand. Were refugees! Mahmoud yelled, unable to stay silent any longer. Where would they go? His gas-powered fishing boat rocked gently at a little pier nearby. At last, he reached out and took the trumpet. He sobbed with the effort of fighting off the mans fingers and hanging onto the dinghy. How else am I going to play Angry Birds? He was joking again. What if there was a line of police waiting to arrest them at the beach? Not that hes counting. The Brownshirt suddenly turned serious. He travelled to Aleppo and Damascus in Syria. His fathers shirt was stained at the armpits, and with a quick sniff of his own shirt Mahmoud realized he stank too. The way the content is organized, One of the three protagonists of the book, alongside. Ill find you again. The ships bulletin board announced that the first-class social hall would be converted to a synagogue, a Jewish house of prayer, which meant Josef might have his bar mitzvah after all. Could it really be? No more getting thrown in jail for disagreeing with the government. But what do you want to do when you get there? Seor Castillo asked. Mahmoud is 12 years old, he is kind of stoke has thick black eyebrows a strong nose and wears a hoodie. Izzat so? I want you to go to college first, his mother told him. Validate reading with our Dynamic Quiz System. But we have to go so all of us will be safe. Hands grabbed Isabel and helped her climb the side of the boatIvn! Asked by Potterbotter. If theres enough people, Josef reminded his sister. Just for a little while, Mahmouds father said. He was Luis Castillo, Ivns older brother. More importantly, we have our lives. Among the people who join Isabel on the journey is her grandfather Lito, who is eventually revealed to be Mariano Padron, the Cuban officer who, decades ago, prevented Josef from entering Havana. The rabbi stood in front of the crowd and read from Hosea. They walk to a bus stop and reach the Hungarian border. She put the little kitten back under her house and ran inside for her trumpet. But Isabel found Ivn and his father, Rudi, right where she thought theyd beworking on their boat in the shed. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. One terribly heartbreaking story is the unjustified killing of an 18-year-old Palestinian, Mahmoud al-Saad Jenin. The wall of his apartment exploded, blasting broken bits of concrete and glass through the room. Isabel smiled, then noticed how big and heavy the gas cans were. Maybe becoming a man means not relying on your father anymore. Hey, I know something funny we can do, he told them. Then, they sneak into Serbia in a taxi, as they dont have official papers. An hour later, they were met on the road by four soldiers waving for them to stop. This gains a large amount of media attention, and Austrians greet them at the border with food, water, and medicine. Mama pulled Ruth into her lap. Praise for Refugee A New York Times Notable Book An Amazon Best Book of the Year A Kirkus Reviews Best Book of the Year A Publishers Weekly Best Book of the Year A Junior Library Guild Selection This heart-stopping novel is not only compellingit is necessary. Judy Blundell, National Book Awardwinning author of What I Saw and How I Lied With urgent, clear-eyed storytelling, Refugee compellingly explores the desperation and strength that unites those struggling for a place to call home. Eliot Schrefer, New York Times bestselling author and two-time National Book Award finalist for Threatened and Endangered Powerful. He then hears, cry out for help, but the dinghy isnt slowing down. All they knew from images on TV and posts on Facebook and Twitter was that people in Tunisia and Libya and Yemen were rioting in the streets, and as each country stood up and said Enough! so did the next one, and the next one, until at last the Arab Spring came to Syria. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Through the huge hole that used to be the wall of his apartment, Mahmoud saw gray-white clouds from missile strikes blooming all around. Waleeds eyes were alive, but empty. Maybe one day visit the real St. Louis. Mom! Mahmoud yelled. We sent them back to Europe and Hitler and the Holocaust. Mahmoud couldnt understand why his mother had bothered to save their backpacks until he saw that they were stuffed with clothes and diapers. Josef tiptoed down the corridor. Chabela, play us a song on your trumpet. Isabels chest tightened. Thankyouthankyouthankyouthankyou! Isabel told him. We cannot continue guarding the borders of the United States while they send their CIA to instigate riots in Havana. Isabel braced herself between two of the benches, trying to catch her breath. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. His dad hesitated, and Mahmoud held his breath. A jagged line of real bullet holes bisected Assads face. Mahmoud? Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. She wont take up any room!. Nothing else mattered in that moment but air. The differences between Sunnis and Shiites was an excuse. One. When the Fernandezes and Castillos are caught in a storm on their journey to Miami, Seor Castillo is flung into the ocean, and Isabel jumps in to save him, demonstrating Isabels incredible maturity. He and Isabel had been friends as long as she could remember. This is all a misunderstanding, Papa said. Sweat ran down his back. They were deserters, and deserters were shot. Mahmoud Bishara and his family live in war-torn Aleppo, Syria in 2015, four years after the Arab Spring had reached their country (the Arab Spring was a group of pro-democracy protests that occurred in several Middle Eastern countries in 2010-2011). I need your help in the shed. Ivn climbed to his feet. Dozens of them.
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