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+precipitation 137 0 obj emissions of gases, non-explosive lava emissions, extremely violent explosive bursts that last many hours; volcanic eruptions, a process by which glaciers form and spread; the forming, existence, or movement of glaciers over the surface of the earth. der Reichstag. the area between the high-tide and the low-tide mark. These tides occur when the earth, moon and sun are in a straight line. endstream This change in the suns position from winter to summer means that more energy's reaching the ocean and therefore warms the water. The Dynamic Planet Quiz Book offers two, one for each Division, short 29 question tests built from questions asked at previous National Tournaments. briggs stratton carburetor; avalonia screen size. On average, sea ice covers almost about 10,000,000 mi. of the earth. reaction., Select the correct answer, and write it on the line provided. The Gulf Stream is an example of this type of boundary current. Horizontal distance between two consecutive wave crests or wave troughs, Vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent wave trough. Another is the expendable BathyThermograph (XBT), a temperature probe released on a weighted copper wire that unreels to record temperature and depth while the ship is underway. Where is a semidesert most likely to be found? endobj These boundary currents are shallow and broad with boundaries that are not well defined. +high gradient = rapid flow of water even at the very bottom, life exists (A tiny single celled organism), Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, Southern, Samples: Water They disrupt a waterway's ability to support vital ecosystems, have led to the extinction of many fish and other aquatic species, the disappearance of birds in floodplains, huge losses of forest, wetland and farmland, erosion of coastal deltas, and many other unmitigable impacts. das Pergamonmuseum. the maximum size of the pieces of sediment that a given body of water, ice, wind, etc. endstream Animals that are free to swim through the water column. 133 0 obj Most ions are used by organisms and remove from the water, others are not used and are left for a long time where their concentration increases over time. Trajectories of individual floats show how the water moves horizontally, and trajectories of groups of floats show how the water is mixed by eddies. As the ice melts, it exposes ocean water to sunlight, spurring photosynthesis in phytoplankton. Suppose a meteor having a mass of 7.0 kg passes within 3.0 m of the surface of the satellite. A wave that surges ashore without breaking. a technique used to measure the discharge, or the volume of water moving through a channel per unit time, of a stream. What is a gyre? This measurement of volume of water flow is equal to 1 million metres cubed per second. when the amount of sediment becomes greater than the carrying capacity of the force that is moving it; sediment from eroded materials settles. The restoring force is surface tension. The boundary where the ocean and the land meet; temporary and unstable, The evolution of bogs and marshes from interactions between surface and groundwater, Wetlands are formed from these interactions and are present in climates and landscapes that cause ground water to discharge to land surface or that prevent rapid drainage of water from the land surface. In these boundary currents, the flow is from East to West or West to East. Acoustic systems also allow remote estimates of organism biomass, individual sizes, and numbers of animals present in the water column. About a dozen amphidromic points exist in the world ocean. Other profilers, including some that measure sound velocity and microturbulence, are dropped from a ship to free-fall to the seafloor, adjust ballast, and return to the surface for retrieval. A whirlpool that forms near or in the surf zone b. The largest water bottles, called Gerard barrels, collect 250 liters. Notes: Is made of brass and will bend if used to sample a rocky bottom, Samples: Rocky bottoms The information below should not be interpreted as an extension of the rules. Extending from 660 feet (200 meters) to 3300 feet (1,000 meters). Interactions between surface and groundwater. The part of the coast below the low water line, which is constantly submerged This event is typically run as either a station event or a sit down test. a. stream Acoustic tomography employs the effect of temperature on the speed of sound in seawater (sound travels faster in warmer water) to record temperature profiles over long ocean transects. Science Olympiad Division B - Green Generation, Applications and Investigations In Earth Science, Dennis G. Tasa, Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Project Team Orientation: SAP SuccessFactors. Sound signals sent from the moving ship bounce back to receivers aboard the ship for processing to give a vertical profile of horizontal water motion relative to the ship. Flow generally occurs only during the wet season (50 percent of the time or less). stream or river which has a constant stream year-round during years of normal rainfall. =chemical fertilizers and pesticides These channels tend to form in rivers that have a significant amount of sedimentary load. valley-like depressions formed by a linear series of sinkholes or collapse of the roof of a linear cave. Particles in the water samples may be quantified with a transmissometer sent down the wire or attached to a CTD/rosette. Fans formed by landslides or the downward movement of sediment. Welcome to Dynamic Planet! Predetermined questions will be used as tiebreakers. Where is the Tropic of Capricorn located? The length of time the wind blows, the fetch and this are three factors that affect wind wave development. = void volume/total volume. Check out, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sofar.html, Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2020 Rules), 2020 Science Olympiad: Dynamic Planet NOAA, Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2018 Rules), Dynamic Planet Great Climateand GlacierGraphsand Maps, Investigating Plate Tectonics with Google Earth, The Bridge An ocean of teacher approved marine education resources, Oceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science. In general this means that the boundary between the subtropical and subpolar gyres lies along the maximum of the westerly wind jet. Commonly these come from a submarine hills or glaciers. Multibeam bathymetric systems available on some of the larger UNOLS vessels generally consist of two instrument arrays attached to the ship's hull. Dynamic Planet Electric Vehicle ** Experimental Design* Fast Facts * Flight Forestry Green Generation Meteorology * Mission Possible ** Road Scholar* Rocks & Minerals Roller Coaster Solar Power ** Solar System Sounds of Music* Storm the Castle Sunny Day Flooding ** Wheeled Vehicle Write It, Do It The Ekman spiral: Answer. b. a maritime tropical air mass is likely to be what? Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. +By trapping sediment in reservoirs, dams interrupt the continuity of sediment transport through rivers, resulting in loss of reservoir storage and reduced usable life, and depriving downstream reaches of sediments essential for channel form and aquatic habitats. ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( X" c !1AQa"q2U#BRVbr67fstu$3CS5Tc%&8d4DE' ? An area where fresh water from streams and rivers spill into the ocean. At least 15% of the ocean is covered by Sea ice some part of the year. Tide caused by gravitational and inertial interaction of the moon and Earth. These "free vehicles" may be described as a way to take the laboratory to the seafloor. << /Pages 63 0 R /Type /Catalog >> +Reservoirs behind dams trap sediment which deprives downstream rivers of sediment which is an important part of the ecosystem % GT+&()\6-MEQYe5nFx The temperate regions are characterized by____? these ions are carried away in runoffs to streams to Rivers and then the ocean. =sewage Progessing groups of swell with the same origin and wave length are known as this. Allows for drainage of excess water. endobj Michelle Provost-Craig, Susan J. stream A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of the continental shelf. small river or stream that flows in to a larger river or stream; a branch of the river, a land area that channels rainfall and snowmelt to creeks, streams, and rivers, and eventually to outflow points. A wave of moving energy in which the wave form moves in one direction along the surface of the transmission medium. [-/!%C^8:sS/aaIJ$BZa Jzw9DbQfHnJP9HX7-MG9DOY1&qiVwYG/!MW9 o gQImHG] (e+)hR,9I:s .ck-4X5 C99 h! "yV_s-}^:`f!~CmT$i,Ci%i^*.V@. The official rules in the current Rules Manual take precedence. The saltiest locations in the ocean or the regions where evaporation is highest or in large bodies of water where there is no outlet into the ocean. Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations. But moving near to the polls the region of rain decreases and with less rain and more sunshine, evaporation increases. A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. These slowly move up stream due to erosion, as of course, the water fall eats away at the land. A result of constructive and destructive interference that is seen on shore when waves do not all appear with a uniform size. 2 Juli, 2022 . Dams' affects: It depends on wind patterns in the atmosphere. Why do currents in the eastern Atlantic Ocean flow towards the south? This type of tidal cycle is found commonly in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. When one river 'robs' another of its water (see image), wetlands that form as rivers empty their water and sediment into another body of water. die Berliner Mauer. The acoustic Doppler technique and acoustic backscattering also have potential for measuring the biomass of animals that reflect the sound signals. xc```b``fg`2 ff`2Y$bW77ac`v V1tEY8X?`vbwbAtMq@- Hs 1HAqJX0t00 K4 =wind Expressed as a ratio of salt (in grams) to L of water. +temperature =deforestation Greek astronomer and navigator who first wrote about the connection between moon and the height of the tide. Check out https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sofar.html as one place to start. the circular motion of water molecules extends to a depth that is equal to___? nick point basically this just refers to a steep and rapid change in gradient; this is usually marked by a waterfall. +occur when shallow groundwater oozes or "seeps" from the ground over a large area and has no defined discharge point. % The sensor package includes the capability to telemeter some data on a regular basis via satellite to a central data facility. $7 Jj(c~*%Kny =the water cycle Scheduled maintenance: Thursday, January 26 from 6PM to 7PM PST. Waves with a tiny wavelength less than 1.73cm. From https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/SeaIce: Sea ice also plays a fundamental role in polar ecosystems. endobj =the Pacific Garbage Patch, =excessive agriculture a single channel that winds snakelike over the area it covers. can carry/transport. << /Annots [ 56 0 R ] /Contents 43 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Parent 61 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /G3 52 0 R >> /Font << /F4 53 0 R /F6 54 0 R /F7 55 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /XObject << /X5 42 0 R >> >> /StructParents 0 /Type /Page >> a river or stream that flows into the lake, precipitation that falls into a lake, or groundwater recharge of a lake. These waves move through water greater than 1/2 their wavelength. #n;v_D^BB$6xDPq+qB\BHVyiam^d(8*rMTE:R[*m{E*|*,71kO^ g jEN5{&;%ul=HhE>[*ZO>4NNNsg'zURG Oceanography Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. Multi-channel seismic profiling penetrates several kilometers into the seafloor and the reflected or refracted sound gives pictures of various layers as the speed and direction of the sound waves are altered by the density, elasticity, and flow properties of the material they pass through. The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean that is caused by wind. develops where streams flow away from a common high point on cone- or dome-shaped geologic structures, such as volcanoes (opposite is centripetal). +salinity _____ operates by emitting short acoustic pulses along a transmitter beam, the central transducer. Z:* >f:,4)| H+bGz`Pp)g$~*3D~ a9jG>Z$|T'0PWC_z_iPH@ QcLrmqq The temperature is constant at just above freezing. 42 0 obj Number of waves passing a fixed point per second. endobj Home. Thermohaline circulation is driven by_____? Skip to content. Hall, William C. Rose. (See image), an underground boundary between the soil surface (zone of aeration) and the area where groundwater saturates spaces between sediments and cracks in rock (zone of saturation). It then adjusts buoyancy as it approaches the bottom to insure a soft landing for the delicate instruments it carries and to avoid disturbing the sediment surface. A drainage pattern in which streams follow a roughly circular or concentric path along a belt of weak rock, resembling in plan a ringlike pattern. As scientists try to understand movement of materials through the oceanic system, they moor sediment traps at various depths for many months to collect samples of particles sinking through the water column. Occur where a river meets an area of rock that erodes slowly, process by which a stream in one watershed is captured by a stream in an adjacent watershed, channel irregularities such as rapids and waterfalls, deposits of sand and soil at the mouth of a river form, graph used to show if sediments will deposit, transport, or erode sediment. D. Cycle D crosses the finish line. What elements make up the structure of the ocean? The load contains dissolved materials such as sodium and calcium. Other floats drift for two months, surface to transmit data to a satellite, and descend again for another two months of data collection. Surface water seeps into the ground and recharges the underlying aquifer while groundwater discharges to the surface and supplies the stream with more water. Affected by: vtuber dox site. Aboard the ship, a flow cytometer may be used to analyze particles in the form of single-celled organisms for optical properties indicative of their physiology and structure. Notes: Water is sampled in a sterile container for bacterial examination, Samples: Water =non-biodegradable trash and plastic surface ocean circulation is modified by what? the movement of organic and inorganic particles by water, gravity, wind, ice, etc.