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For current-limiting fuses, the information to achieve selective coordination has been available for many years in fuse amp ratio tabular form. The surest means of avoiding an arc-flash hazard is to lockout and tagout the electrical service to a controller. The most complex of these is the elevator. As such, elevator controller manufacturers should make the effort to rethink their designs to avoid costly system design changes. Beginning with Article 320, Armored Cable (Type AC) and concluding with Article 398, Open Wiring on Insulators, each code-sanctioned cable and raceway is treated, ranging from the familiar Type NM (trade name Romex) to the exotic Integrated Gas Spacer Cable (Type IGS). It is stated that traveling cables are to be suspended at the car and hoistway ends, or counterweight end where applicable, so as to reduce the strain on the individual copper conductors to a minimum. Flexible cords and cables part of listed equipment operating at 30 V (42 VDC) or less, similarly supported and protected, jacketed and flame retardant, are permitted. With heavy use on a hot day, the oil can overheat, causing elevator shutdown. Hydraulic elevator installations are typically supplied from the main switchboard and have an elevator fused switch or circuit breaker in the machine room that serves as the elevator disconnect. +90 (216) 348 4876, India Office ) > word/_rels/document.xml.rels ( N0HC;qRN/W$#{1EM]ZY|vj5h),-g!`./V/KKFY4D#la&V#=$Q7|l/d#hS 7+IDZ!J 6KucD^s`+>=(3E The two documents are in harmony and should be used in conjunction. Because they need to move and flex, traveling cables are not required to be in a raceway. The Uniform Building Code requires two-way communications between the central command center and the elevators, each elevator lobby, emergency power rooms, and by entries into enclosed stairways (Section 403.5.3). In some cases, it may require a means to test the shunt trip operation or have one contact operate the shunt trip of more than one elevator. The sum of the cross-sectional area of the individual conductors in raceways is not to exceed 40% of the interior cross-sectional area of the raceway, except as permitted for wireways. Hydraulic reservoir characteristic of a hydraulic-piston-operated elevator. Of particular importance is the location of the disconnecting means so it can be found by an individual who may not be familiar with the installation. Since 1953, Elevator World, Inc. has been the premier publisher for the global vertical transportation industry. Here are 23 ways that both chapters and the national office can meet todays major challenge of making members feel valued, IAEIs Online Training allows you to learn at your own pace or live with an expert instructor, from the comfort of your laptop or PC. This device must be either a fused disconnect or a circuit breaker because ANSI/ASME A17.1 requires you to install an additional overcurrent protection device (OCPD) in the elevator equipment room. All Rights Reserved | Contact Us | Privacy Policy. +;-mka|7! As an installer and an inspector, one common issue I've seeen is incompatible connections associated with raceways connections and fittings. You may go up to 600 V for power circuits supplying door-operator controllers and door motors, branch circuits and feeders to motor controllers, driving-machine motors, machine brakes and motor-generator sets. The code exempts some fairly broad areas where compliance is not expected. The next section, 620.36, concerns different systems in one raceway or traveling cable. Main feeders that supply elevator power must be kept outside the hoistway unless one of the following applies: Feeders for elevators are permitted within an existing hoistway (provided they are not spliced within the hoistway) by special permission of the AHJ. Performance & security by Cloudflare. The basic requirement is for minimum clear distances of various depths for equipment operating at 600 V or less, nominal, depending upon voltage to ground and lateral distance to insulated or grounded surfaces or exposed live parts (not an issue in elevator machine rooms). h-`7 (ASME has a separate document, A18.1-2008 Safety Standard for Platform Lifts and Stairway Lifts). 2.2.2.6 . You are seeing this message for one of three reasons: You have reached your limit of free content. The disconnecting means must disconnect the elevator from the emergency, standby and normal power systems. Thus, the need for door interlock functionality is recognized. Since 1953, Elevator World, Inc. has been the premier publisher for the global vertical transportation industry. If a smoke detector goes into alarm, it signals the elevator to go into Fire Recall Function, at which point the controller directs the elevator cab to travel to its pre-programmed designated landing, open its doors, and remain stopped there until the alarm clears. Corporate Office Liquid-tight flexible nonmetallic conduit, Flexible cords and cables, or conductors grouped together and taped or corded, are permitted without raceway, where they are part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake, Flexible metal conduit, liquid-tight flexible metal or nonmetallic conduit, 3/8 in. The pump sends hydraulic fluid from the reservoir to the cylinder, buried deep below the elevator shaft. You are a subscriber that needs to Sign In. Part VIII, Machine Rooms, Control Rooms, Machinery Spaces, and Control Spaces, states elevator and similar-installation driving machines, motor-generator sets, motor controllers and disconnecting means are to be installed in a room or space set aside for that purpose. As always, the best advice in all instancesdo your homework, communicate often, and document decisions made. My reasoning comes from 620.24 (A) and (C). You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. It is noted that the article covers the installation of electrical equipment and wiring for elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, platform lifts and stairway chairlifts. If a hydraulic elevator loses power because a heat detector goes off or for any other reason it could trap occupants for an unpleasant amount of time. For all of this to come together in the real world, there had to be some assurance that these new technologies could be used safely on a wide scale. If power is not being supplied to the elevator controller (e.g., open mainline fuses, etc. Dont troubleshoot unless you can keep your shoe/boot soles dry. The light switch shall be located so to be accessible from pit access door. Other requirements: Spa's and Hot Tubs 1996 NEC 15-20 Amp 120 volt Receptacle Requirements for Dwelling units: All outdoor It is further specified the machine-room lighting switch be located at the point of entry. (e) Pit Maintenance. Motors for traction elevators were traditionally DC or synchronous, but new installations use AC motors and VFDs for speed control. As stated in Section 7 of the Elevator Industry Field Employees Safety Handbook: Unless it is not feasible, (i.e. This requirement applies to all controllers, disconnecting means and other electrical equipment that may need servicing, inspection or maintenance. Utility-owned electrical structures not directly concerned with electrical generation, transmission and distribution are NEC regulated. Selective coordination is also required for multiple elevators per NEC 620.62. The fan should be on a dedicated circuit. He has focused on writing since 2006, having written for such magazines as ELEVATOR WORLD, Electrical Construction and Maintenance, Cabling Business, Electrical Business, Nuts and Volts, PV Magazine, Electrical Connection, Solar Connection, Solar Industry Magazine, Fine Homebuilding Magazine and Engineering News. However, when I've put in elevators, NEC seems to always take a back seat to ANSI, which seems . Traction elevators are typically faster and more energy efficient than hydraulic elevators, and are often used for high-rise buildings. Freight Elevator Door Control: An Opportunity for Wireless Technology. Hard-service cords are permitted only as flexible connections for the top-of-car operating device or the car-top work light. The same figure applies to nonmetallic wireways. However, space is frequently limited within the shaft and as such many ancillary components (shunt trip circuit breakers, fused disconnects) may need to be located outside of the elevator shaft. These are covered for generic, non-elevator specific use in earlier articles, 376 and 378, in Chapter 3, Wiring Methods and Materials. -inch conduit is needed to the sump pump. GFCIs in elevator pits During an inspection of the elevators in a commercial building, the state inspector failed us for using a GFCI-type circuit breaker to protect a receptacle in the elevator pit. Selective coordination is also required for multiple elevators per NEC 620.62. For circuit breakers, time-current curves must be consulted as well as the circuit breaker manufacturers selective coordination tables. The conduit alone can't act as the grounding means. The design engineer must identify the available fault current at the elevator controller to the installer so an elevator controller with adequate SCCR can be provided. The conductors must be in their original sheaths or grouped together and taped or corded. Such cable groups are to be supported at intervals not over 3 ft. and located so as to be protected from physical damage. The panel further clarified that the marked SCCR value must be adequate for the available fault current to ensure a safe installation. As recommended in NFPA 70E, the National Elevator Industry, Inc. (NEII) commissioned an arc-flash hazard analysis (in compliance with IEEE Standard 1584-2002 for procedures for calculating the incident energy of the arc flash) by an independent consultant to determine at what level an arc-flash hazard exists to employees who work on energized elevator equipment. 3. Please check your entries and try again. Modern electronic elevator controls can be sensitive to temperature shifts. (All intentionally grounded elements must be held at equal potential.) Elisha Otis safety elevator, introduced in 1853, prevented the fall of the car if the cable broke. These are the individual branch circuits required for car lighting, receptacles, auxiliary lighting and ventilation on each elevator car; individual branch circuits for machine-room and similar location lighting and receptacle; and branch circuits for hoistway pit lighting and receptacle(s). 23.254.250.15 Mobile, AL 36606 USA Article 620s Definitions section includes two terms that describe spaces not attached to the outside of a hoistway. Pits shall be maintained in a clean and dry condition. Where necessary, it is mandated that suitable guards be provided to protect the cables against damage. NEC 2011 Article 620.21(2)(b) states that hard-service cords and junior hard-service cords that conform to the requirements of Article 400 (Table 400.4) are permitted as flexible connections between the fixed wiring on the car and devices on the car doors or gates. Elevators with driving machines located on the car or counterweight, or in the hoistway are permitted outside the specified spaces. The disconnecting means is to be in the machine room or similar location, with provision for being locked in the open position. Hint: Duct Tape to the Rescue, NEC: Air Conditioning and Refrigerating Equipment Part 5. They are differentiated from other similar structures by the fact that they are not attached to the outside perimeter or surface of the walls, ceiling or floor of the hoistway. In all cases, the working space must permit at least a 90 opening of equipment doors or hinged panels. or larger, not exceeding 6 ft. in length, are permitted between control panels and machine motors, machine brakes, motor-generator sets, disconnecting means and pumping motors and valves. Hydraulic reservoir characteristic of a hydraulic-piston-operated elevator. Apr 24, 2013. correct me if I'm wrong, but I believe it's damp. Section 620.37 re-emphasizes that only wiring used in connection with the elevator is permitted within the hoistway, machine room, control room/machinery space or control space. Flexible cords and cables (same conditions as within hoistways). Some elevator controller manufacturers believe this is an issue for the electrical system designer and installer to address and remedy by adding impedance to the system for lowering the available fault current. Below is a summary of these new 2017 NEC sections: In order to comply with these requirements a chain of events must occur. 2023 Endeavor Business Media, LLC. (Hard-service and junior hard-service are trade names that apply to over 30 types of flexible cord, all beginning with the letter S. They have varying properties, such as oil resistance, and various material compositions for insulation, such as a thermoplastic elastomer. If the building has emergency power available, use it to supply the cab lights. Many undertake trips in these devices two or more times daily in full confidence that they will survive an uneventful experience with a minute chance of disaster or even inconvenience. He also required GFCI protection for the hard-wired sump pump that did not require it. Your IP: You need at least one 120VAC GFCI-protected receptacle at each location. Though I understand how someone might argue two. For instance, a typical elevator controller may traditionally have SCCR ratings from 5 to 10 kA. Regardless of the number of elevators, only one smoke detector is required at each floor lobby, but it must be located within 21 ft of every elevator door. NEC 2011 also addresses branch circuits for machine room or control room/machinery space or control-space lighting and receptacles. These circuit breaker selective coordination tables can be used to identify the maximum fault current that a pair of circuit breakers can selectively coordinate. Within cars, these additional wiring methods are permitted: The following additional wiring methods are permitted on the car assembly in lengths not exceeding 6 ft.: Within machine rooms, these additional wiring methods are permitted: The following wiring methods are permitted on the counterweight assembly in lengths not to exceed 6 ft.: Having looked at NEC 2011 mandates for elevator and related equipment installations, we will cover wiring methods, overcurrent protection, grounding and other related NEC provisions in part two of this series , running in the April 2012 issue of ELEVATOR WORLD. In order to aid enforcement, the panel additionally required marking the available fault current at the elevator controller. z!0: - [Content_Types].xml ( n0EUb*>-RxV=QUAl"93dFk%Y?l}MGDV Similar provisions are attached to elevator-car heating and air-conditioning disconnecting means, and to other utilization equipment. Suspending the cables from the supports by a means that automatically tightens around the cable when tension is increased for unsupported lengths up to 200 ft. An NEC Informational Note defines unsupported lengths. He has focused on writing since 2006, having written for such magazines as ELEVATOR WORLD, Electrical Construction and Maintenance, Cabling Business, Electrical Business, Nuts and Volts, PV Magazine, Electrical Connection, Solar Connection, Solar Industry Magazine, Fine Homebuilding Magazine and Engineering News. Where multiple driving machines are connected to a single elevator, there is to be one disconnecting means to disconnect the motor(s) and control-valve-operating magnets. Other building loads, such as power and lighting, may function as the energy absorbing means, provided these loads are automatically connected to the emergency or standby power system operating the elevators and large enough to absorb the regenerative power. This room is to be secured against unauthorized access (kept locked). ASME A17.1 . First, the ATS signals the elevators that it's about to switch over to emergency power preferably 30 sec or more prior to switching, which allows the elevator controller to bring each elevator cab to the nearest landing and stop, thus protecting the motors and electrical system. They are to be located so as to be protected from physical damage, are to be of a flame-retardant type, and must be part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake. It is further stated that the disconnecting means are not to disconnect the branch circuits required in sections 620.22, 620.23 and 620.24. By subscribing, you agree to our User Agreement and Privacy Policy & Cookie Statement. The electrical system designer calculates the maximum available fault current at the elevator controller. Follow the manufacturers instructions and precautions. If we fast forward more than 36 centuries, we see some important new developments in elevator technology. Elevator Pit Sump Pump Electrical Requirements By Nat July 30, 2022 Bulls Eye (Simplex) Receptacles: Bulls eye (simplex) receptacle for Sump pumps (now not - GFI) on a delegated circuit will be required in all elevator pits for the elevator pit sump pump. Smoke detectors, which are required in all elevator lobbies and elevator equipment rooms, must be connected to the elevator controllers directly by means of auxiliary contacts and wiring, or indirectly by means of output signals from the fire alarm control panel. In elevators provided with Firefighters' Emergency Operation, a drain or sump pump shall be provided. On existing or listed equipment, conductors are permitted to be grouped together and taped or corded without being installed in a raceway. The thinking behind this requirement is that the injured worker could have severe hand burns and be unable to operate a conventional doorknob. Hazards created by water, snow or condensation in the work area can cause slips, falls and accidental contact. A traditional elevator installation (which includes a machine room) requires access inside the elevator shaft. The disconnecting means is to be located adjacent to or an integral part of the motor controller. Doors must open in the direction of travel and be equipped with panic bars, pressure plates or other devices that are normally latched but open under simple pressure. NEC Article 0: Elevator art by David Herres Continued. This position paper is written to provide guidance to members whose employees are engaged in elevator-industry work that might expose them to arc-flash hazards, and to assist members in complying with applicable OSHA and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards. The basic idea is that there must be a separate, dedicated circuit for car lights, receptacles and ventilation on each car. +90 (216) 348 4876, India Office These requirements, found in Article 620 (part of Chapter 6, Special Equipment), are in addition to NEC Chapters 1-3, which stipulate general wiring protocols applicable in most residential, commercial and industrial venues. You'll be responsible for specifying the items related to the fire alarm and some controls, as well as supplying lighting and power to the equipment room and elevator pit. 953 0 obj <> endobj Sign up for our free e-newsletter. Traction elevators are typically installed in a bank of elevators where fused switches, or circuit breakers in a panelboard are located in the machine room serving the bank of elevators. But by understanding how these items fit together and what purpose they serve, you can have a successful project. The light switch in the pit must be mounted 42 in. However, this can vary depending on building conditions and exterior grade. 4.0 (2 Reviews) (2) CLAIMED . Similarly, motor branch-circuit short circuit and ground-fault protection must be as required in Article 430, Part IV, for all motors. This accomplishes two functions. In this case, it may be best if the elevator controller manufacturer does not include the elevator disconnecting means (often offered as a circuit breaker) but instead have the installer provide a separate fused disconnect to comply with NEC 620.51(A) and also achieve a high SCCR for the elevator controller when fuses are provided as specified by the elevator controller and marked on the elevator controller nameplate. 836 Troy Schenectady Road ; Latham, NY 12110 . With the new elevator controller requirements, more attention will be focused on the elevator system. While machine room-less designs have been commercially available for many years, their use may still be unknown to some AHJs. above the pit floor, shall: Be weatherproof (NEMA 4). Where a feeder powers more than one elevator, you need selective coordination; the OCPDs must be series-designed so a fault at one of the elevators will be cleared by only the OCPD serving it. Section 620.85, GFCI Protection for Personnel, provides that 125-V, single-phase, 15- and 20-amp receptacles installed in pits, hoistways, machinery spaces, machine rooms, escalators and moving walks, and on elevator car tops are to be GFCIs. He had been with Eaton (Cutler-Hammer and Bussmann) since 1993 and specializes in training on the design and application of overcurrent protective devices and equipment in electrical distribution systems in accordance with the National Electrical Code and equipment in accordance with the various product standards. Instruments: Use category III multimeters and be familiar with their use and limitations. It states an elevator is permitted to be run by an emergency or standby power system. After such an event, it is important that the affected worker is able to escape the area and get to help. +91 8025357028, 2022 Elevator World, LLC. The AHJ is saying that this is a violation of 620.23. You must locate this key switch at the main lobby or at the building fire command center. ^W i word/document.xml=nr]6Id=,_$j9-"Y.iGU\h_}. If the entire feeder/branch circuit assembly were to be protected in the conventional manner, the motor would cut out long before reaching operating speed. Feeders may be installed within the hoistway where the elevator has a driving-machine motor in the hoistway or on the car or counterweight. 836 Troy Schenectady Road Latham, NY 12110 . The elevator rails, like the ground system of the entire building electrical structure, are to be bonded to the lightning-system ground electrode so these all remain at the same potential even during a lightning event, ensuring side flash does not occur. This is something that can be easily accomplished if the elevator controller manufacturer uses components in combination with overcurrent protective devices that are tested and listed with high combination SCCRs. Part II of Article 620 concerns conductors used in elevator work, and several important requirements are covered. It employs specialists in Mobile, Alabama, and has technical and news correspondents around the world. NEC Article 620 Part V, Traveling Cables, is driven by two major issues. Another location that requires a separate branch circuit for lighting and receptacle(s) is the hoistway pit. Where voltages exceed 600, a sign reading DANGER HIGH VOLTAGE is required. All of these options and special wiring can be challenging depending upon the location of the shunt trip circuit breaker as well as who has responsibility for providing these additional options. All equipment in a machine room-less design is installed within the elevator shaft or exterior compartment near the elevator shaft, including the elevator controller and the elevator disconnecting means. The new ADAAG guidelines now require that emergency power be available to elevators that have four or more stories of travel above or below the accessible floor [4.1.3(9)(1)]. In fact, an entire elevator system for a project is most often designed and specified by the architect who has little understanding of the electrical distribution system. In hoistways not longer than 6 ft., these additional wiring methods are permitted: A sump or oil-recovery pump located in the pit is permitted to be cord connected. Pit light with guard (ten foot candles min. The demand factor ranges from 1.00 for one elevator on a single feeder to 0.72 for 10 or more elevators on a single feeder. The architect has a choice of either traction or hydraulic elevators. Pit drainage must be designed to eliminate a minimum capacity of 3,000 gallons per hour (or 50 GPM) per elevator car. Overload protection for motors is to conform with Article 430, Part III, the general code area that covers motor and branch-circuit overload protection for all motors. The traveling cable, moreover, may be run without raceway from inside the hoistway to elevator-controller enclosures and to the elevator car and machine room and similar locations outside the hoistway for a distance not exceeding 6 ft. ), a duplex 15A 120-volt receptacle in pit with ground- fault circuit protection and a 15A 120-volt Non GFCI receptacle for the sump pump. Firefighters can then use portable telephone handsets in combination with the jacks and cabling. hb``` ea``j~p2nfH 'xXg00,/(_ Iq8PDdg-~ s$!XI;Fn0vu `h`R 1y 0B.":9.@, e`xI;=7O3fvbb8:SC;%O*20] Here, the National Electrical Safety Code has jurisdiction. 6 feet, and shall meet the requirements of NEC 70 620.21(A)(1)(d). This strategy works to improve the flexibility of the traveling cable, but it is contrary to a general NEC rule concerning the paralleling of conductors, which is generally done in very large sizes to avoid unwieldy wire pulls and terminations. Requirements for commercial garages per the National Electrical Code. Use the below learning-reinforcement questions to study for the Continuing Education Assessment Exam available online at www.elevatorbooks.com or on page 81 of this issue. Which equipment requires a separate branch circuit in the elevator car? Is lighting required to be GFCI protected in the machine room? Where is the lighting switch to be located in the machine room? What is the maximum raceway conductor fill in an elevator hoistway? How many disconnecting means are required for an elevator power supply? Because of this, there is often a communications gap between the electrical system designer, whose design typically stops at the required elevator disconnecting means, and the architect who designs the elevator system. 988 0 obj <>stream Such design innovations require sophisticated wiring strategies. Design practices that are acceptable in some jurisdictions may not be in others. Similarly, underground wiring in mines is not NEC regulated, although other, non-mine wiring below ground (such as lighting in an underground traffic tunnel) is covered. It is of great importance that power to the various elevator functions can be quickly and reliably removed from the loads in case of emergency or for maintenance and troubleshooting. Part III, Wiring, looks at the types of wiring that may be installed in hoistways, cars, machine rooms and related spaces.