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Obituary Revives Rumor of Hearst Daughter : Hollywood: Gossips in the 1920s speculated that William Randolph Hearst and mistress Marion Davies had a child. [further explanation needed][73]. In 1997 grandson W.R. Hearst II, now 58, filed suit in Los Angeles Superior Court against the William Randolph Hearst Family Trust, demanding that its financial records and decision making. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. Hearst's mother, ne Phoebe Elizabeth Apperson, was also of Scots-Irish ancestry; her family came from Galway. [68], On December 12, 1940, Hearst sold 158,000 acres (63,940ha), including the Rancho Milpitas, to the United States government. He still refused to sell his beloved newspapers. Hollywood of the 1920s once buzzed with rumors that a child had been born of the scandalous affair so publicly conducted by Hearst and Davies-the eccentric newspaper monarch and his actress mistress. [79] During this time, Hearst's friend George Loorz commented sarcastically: "He would like to start work on the outside pool [at San Simeon], start a new reservoir etc. According to a 21st-century historian, war was declared by Congress because public opinion was sickened by the bloodshed, and because leaders like McKinley realized that Spain had lost control of Cuba. At one point, to avoid outright bankruptcy, he had to accept a $1 million loan from Marion Davies, who sold all her jewelry, stocks and bonds to raise the cash for him. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [14], Hearst's activist approach to journalism can be summarized by the motto, "While others Talk, the Journal Acts.". [64] The grant encompassed present-day Jolon and land to the west. Hearst retaliated by raiding the Worlds staff, offering higher salaries and better positions. You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war. Hollywood of the 1920s once buzzed with rumors that a child had been born of the scandalous affair so publicly conducted by Hearst and Davies-the eccentric newspaper monarch and his actress mistress. The Morning Journal's daily circulation routinely climbed above the 1 million mark after the sinking of the Maine and U.S. entry into the SpanishAmerican War, a war that some called The Journal's War, due to the paper's immense influence in provoking American outrage against Spain. The family settled in South Carolina. His friend Joseph P. Kennedy offered to buy the magazines, but Hearst jealously guarded his empire and refused. The elder Hearst later entered politics. More commonly known for his spectacular Hearst Castle estate that is set on a high mountaintop above the ocean near San Simeon, Calif., Hearst spent much of his later years in Los Angeles and, in . Early in his career at the San Francisco Examiner, Hearst envisioned running a large newspaper chain and "always knew that his dream of a nation-spanning, multi-paper news operation was impossible without a triumph in New York". Her other daughter, Lydia Marie Hearst-Shaw, was born three years later, on September 19, 1984, in New Haven, Connecticut. However, maintaining his media empire while also running for mayor of New York City and governor of New York left him little time to actually serve in Congress. From the passionate decades-long affair with one of the most important men in the world to the bloody scandal that nearly derailed her career, Davies' life was never ordinary. [77][78] Hearst also sponsored Old Glory as well as the Hearst Transcontinental Prize. He was twice elected as a Democrat to the U.S. House of Representatives. [69][70], In 1916, the Eberhard and Kron Tanning Company of Santa Cruz purchased land from the homesteaders along the Little Sur River. These papers became known for sensationalist writing and agitation in favor of the Spanish-American War. [60] From about 1919, he lived openly with her in California. [45], Hearst broke with FDR in spring 1935 when the president vetoed the Patman Bonus Bill for veterans and tried to enter the World Court. Charles Dance portrays Hearst in the film. The market for art and antiques had not recovered from the depression, so Hearst made an overall loss of hundreds of thousands of dollars. Did Marion Davies inherit anything from Hearst? She expressed her concern and her displeasure for his late working hours hoping that one day he would agree to work for her godfather at the Journal. After the war, a further critic, George Seldes, repeated the charges in Facts and Fascism (1947). He reached 20 million readers in the mid-1930s, but they included much of the working class which Roosevelt had attracted by three-to-one margins in the 1936 election. After the death of Patricia Lake (1919/19231993), who had been presented as Davies's "niece," her family confirmed that she was Davies's and Hearst's daughter. Third, he had lost . [7] She was appointed as the first woman Regent of University of California, Berkeley, donated funds to establish libraries at several universities, funded many anthropological expeditions, and founded the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology. Hearst had to shut down the film company and several of his publications. Davies, ever the wise investor, sold her Ocean House in 1945 during a property tax dispute; it is now known as the Marion Davies Guest House. The Journal and other New York newspapers were so one-sided and full of errors in their reporting that coverage of the Cuban crisis and the ensuing SpanishAmerican War is often cited as one of the most significant milestones in the rise of yellow journalism's hold over the mainstream media. He was hired by the Hearst Newspapers in 1936 as a police and city hall reporter for The New York. Why he became fascinated by Sausalito is not recorded; perhaps even he never knew. In 1937, Patricia Van Cleve married Arthur Lake under the watchful eyes of her "aunt" Marion Davies and William Randolph Hearst. Beginning in 1919, Hearst began to build Hearst Castle, which he never completed, on the 250,000-acre (100,000-hectare; 1,000-square-kilometre) ranch he had acquired near San Simeon. William Randolph Hearst's most popular book is Aubrey Beardsley and the Yellow Book. Violet told John how much she loved him and reminded him how that was no easy feat for someone like her. Hearst subsequently slipped into coma and passed away on August 14, 1951. Hearst built 34 green and white marble bathrooms for the many guest suites in the castle and completed a series of terraced gardens which survive intact today. Conceding an end to his political hopes, Hearst became involved in an affair with the film actress and comedian Marion Davies (18971961), former mistress of his friend Paul Block. Call Number: BIOG FILE - Hearst, William Randolph <item> [P&P] Access Advisory: --- Obtaining Copies. Gillian Hearst-Shaw, born on May 3, 1981, in Palo Alto, California, as Gillian Catherine Hearst-Shaw, is Patty's first-born. Violet watched jealousy throughout the night as John interacted with Sara. Patricia grew up mingling with the likes of Clark Gable, Charlie Chaplin, Gloria Swanson and Jean Harlow at the parties Davies threw inside Hearsts hilltop castle at San Simeon. He died on August 14, 1951, in Beverly Hills, California, at the age of 88. Here are 45 facts about Marion Davies, the silent screen's undisputed queen. He established an Arabian horse breeding operation on the grounds. Hearst managed to keep his newspapers and magazines. As the crisis deepened he let go of most of his household staff, sold his exotic animals to the Los Angeles Zoo and named a trustee to control his finances. They carried the publisher's rambling, vitriolic, all-capital-letters editorials, but he no longer employed the energetic reporters, editors, and columnists who might have made a serious attack. Searching for an occupation, in 1887 Hearst took over management of his father's newspaper, the San Francisco Examiner, which his father had acquired in 1880 as repayment for a gambling debt. New York's elites read other papers, such as the Times and Sun, which were far more restrained. Within a few years, his paper dominated the San Francisco market. We hope you can join us as a daily reader -you can sign up for a daily e mail post. Kemble, Edward W. Townsend. Hearst "stole" cartoonist Richard F. Outcault along with all of Pulitzer's Sunday staff. He strove to win the circulation wars by employing the same brand of journalism he had at the Examiner. [74] After her death, it was acquired by Castlewood Country Club, which used it as their clubhouse from 1925 to 1969, when it was destroyed in a major fire. Patty Hearst. She questioned why he couldnt leave these matters to the police, to which he responded that it was the right thing to do.[5]. Hearst promised Violet that he would bring John to heel and that she wouldnt suffer any longer. Using his newspaper empire, he worked to enforce her success, having his newspapers recount her social activities and spending millions of dollars to shape an image she would never get away from. As Martin Lee and Norman Solomon noted in their 1990 book Unreliable Sources, Hearst "routinely invented sensational stories, faked interviews, ran phony pictures and distorted real events". In 1917, Hearsts roving eye fell upon Ziegfeld Follies showgirl Marion Davies, and by 1919 he was openly living with her in California. Hearst was not pleased. : William Randolph Hearst 1863 429 - 1951 814 By the 1920s, one in every four Americans read a Hearst newspaper. However, as was common with claims before the Public Land Commission, Estrada's legal claim was costly and took many years to resolve. [21] At first he supported the Russian Revolution of 1917 but later he turned against it. "[25] The Journal's journalistic activism in support of the Cuban rebels, rather, was centered around Hearst's political and business ambitions. Due to their efforts, hemp would remain illegal to grow in the US for almost a century, not being legalized until 2018.[83][84][85]. [66] In 1925, Hearst's Piedmont Land and Cattle Company bought Rancho Milpitas and Rancho Los Ojitos (Little Springs) from the James Brown Cattle Company. This 1954 pilot episode called Meet The Family stars Arthur Lake , Patricia Van Cleve Lake and their kids Arthur Lake Jr. and Marion Lake. Hearst's publication reached a peak circulation of 20 million readers a day in the mid-1930s. The film Citizen Kane (released on May 1, 1941) is loosely based on Hearst's life. ", Carlisle, Rodney. Contents 1 Character Overview 2 Biography 3 Memorable Quotes 4 Appearances 5 Notes 6 References Character Overview [75], Beginning in 1937, Hearst began selling some of his art collection to help relieve the debt burden he had suffered from the Depression. So when Davies told him she was pregnant, according to family lore, he put her on a steamship to Europe and followed later. (Harry Anslinger got some additional help from William Randolph Hearst, owner of a huge chain of newspapers. Hearst was from a wealthy, powerful family; her grandfather was the newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst. He also bought most of Rancho San Simeon. In the 1920s William Hearst developed an interest in acquiring additional land along the Central Coast of California that he could add to land he inherited from his father. This reporting stoked outrage and indignation against Spain among the paper's readers in New York. All told, the Hearst family is worth a collective $35 billion. Mr. Hearst, who was 85, died of a stroke, according to a statement issued by The Hearst Corporation. Hearst's mother took over the project, hired Julia Morgan to finish it as her home, and named it Hacienda del Pozo de Verona. Angered colleagues and voters retaliated and he lost both New York races, ending his political career. He is a recurring character in " Angel of Darkness " portrayed by Matt Letscher. Further, he was unfailingly polite, unassuming, "impeccably calm", and indulgent of "prima donnas, eccentrics, bohemians, drunks, or reprobates so long as they had useful talents" according to historian Kenneth Whyte. Unable to service its existing debts, Hearst Corporation faced a court-mandated reorganization in 1937. Competition was fierce, with Hearst cutting the newspapers price to one cent. The siblings are the granddaughters of William Randolph Hearst, the publishing titan who made his fortune from mining and. Welles and the studio RKO Pictures resisted the pressure but Hearst and his Hollywood friends ultimately succeeded in pressuring theater chains to limit showings of Citizen Kane, resulting in only moderate box-office numbers and seriously impairing Welles's career prospects. She offered him to join them, but he was on his way out.[1]. He warned citizens against the dangers of big government and against unchecked federal power that could infringe on individual rights. Hearst! Hearst attended preparatory school at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire. Lundberg described Hearst as "the weakest strong man and the strongest weak man in the world today a giant with feet of clay."[79]. [6], Violet and Hearst attended a family dinner, in which they discussed summer plans in Newport. He enrolled in the Harvard College class of 1885. In 1903, Hearst married Millicent Veronica Willson (18821974), a 21-year-old chorus girl, in New York City. David Whitmire Hearst, a son of William Randolph Hearst and Millicent Veronica Wilson Hearst, and a vice president of the Hearst Corporation, passed away from complications of cancer at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. William Randolph Hearst's Death. It was co-written by Lake and his mother-in-law Marion Davies. "He is," President Teddy Roosevelt once wrote, "the most potent single influence for evil . He had to pay rent for living in his castle at San Simeon. Gillian Hearst, the daughter of Patty Hearst and great-granddaughter of William Randolph Hearst, filed for divorce on Friday after 10 years of marriage, Page Six has exclusively. William Randolph Hearst is best known for publishing the largest chain of American newspapers in the late 19th century, and particularly for sensational "yellow journalism. He was interred in the Hearst family mausoleum at the Cypress Lawn Memorial Park in Colma, California, which his parents had established. As editor, Hearst adopted a sensational brand of reporting later known as "yellow journalism," with sprawling banner headlines and hyperbolic stories, many based on speculation and half-truths. When Davies decided she wanted to act, Hearst founded a movie studio to keep her working and ordered all his newspapers to give her rave reviews. Estrada did not have the title to the land. However, some believe that Hearst also had a secret daughter, Patricia Lake, with Marion Davies. According to Sinclair, Hearst's newspapers distorted world events and deliberately tried to discredit Socialists. [4] He was a leading supporter of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 19321934, but then broke with FDR and became his most prominent enemy on the right. William Randolph Hearst used his wealth and privilege to build a massive media empire. He refused to take effective cost-cutting measures, and instead increased his very expensive art purchases. William Randolph Hearst had a major feud with Joseph Pulitzer Gossipy, light-hearted, and cheap, the Journal was founded in 1882 by Albert Pulitzer. Hearst collaborated with Harry J. Anslinger to ban hemp due to the threat that the burgeoning hemp paper industry posed to his major investment and market share in the paper milling industry. [39], Hearst was on the left wing of the Progressive Movement, speaking on behalf of the working class (who bought his papers) and denouncing the rich and powerful (who disdained his editorials). The stock market crash and subsequent economic depression hit the Hearst Corporation hard, especially the newspapers, which were not completely self-sustaining. [79] This, however, was averted, as Chandler agreed to extend the repayment. Pulitzer's World had pushed the boundaries of mass appeal for newspapers through bold headlines, aggressive news gathering, generous use of cartoons and illustrations, populist politics, progressive crusades, an exuberant public spirit, and dramatic crime and human-interest stories. All Rights Reserved. It had a strong focus on Democratic Party politics. William Randolph Hearst Sr. (/ h r s t /; April 29, 1863 - August 14, 1951) was an American businessman, newspaper publisher, and politician known for developing the nation's largest newspaper chain and media company, Hearst Communications.His flamboyant methods of yellow journalism influenced the nation's popular media by emphasizing sensationalism and human interest stories. Prior to its airing, T&C sat down with Citizen Hearst 's director Stephen Ives, who is also known for his . Before leaving, John informed Violet he had to leave. [61], George Hearst invested some of his fortune from the Comstock Lode in land. [80] They all followed their father into the media business, and Hearst's namesake, William Randolph, Jr., became a Pulitzer Prizewinning newspaper reporter. Hearst assured Violet that John loved her, but Violet had seen how John gazed at Sara and how he jumped to his feet whenever she entered a room. While World War II restored circulation and advertising revenues, his great days were over. His health began failing in the late 1940s, predominantly due to his advanced age. When the collapse came, all Hearst properties were hit hard, but none more so than the papers. Hearst won two elections to Congress, then lost a series of elections. [79] Davies also managed to raise him another million as a loan from Washington Herald owner Cissy Patterson. The press critic A. J. Liebling reminds us how many of Hearst's stars would not have been deemed employable elsewhere. [29] Outrage across the country came from evidence of what Spain was doing in Cuba, a major influence in the decision by Congress to declare war. William Randolph Hearst dominated journalism for nearly a half century. Welles refused, and the film survived and thrived. "Hearst's Magazine, 19121914: Muckraking Sensationalist.". When Hearst Castle was donated to the State of California, it was still sufficiently furnished for the whole house to be considered and operated as a museum.[75]. John was supposed to attend, but he never showed up. "The Selling of Sex, Sleaze, Scuttlebutt, and other Shocking Sensations: The Evolution of New Journalism in San Francisco, 18871900. All the proof Lake had to offer were countless stories and a suspiciously familiar nose and long face. San Simeon itself was mortgaged to Los Angeles Times owner Harry Chandler in 1933 for $600,000.[79]. Hearst acquired and developed a series of influential newspapers, starting with the San Francisco Examiner in 1887, forging them into a national brand. Hearst was born in San Francisco to George Hearst, a millionaire mining engineer, owner of gold and other mines through his corporation, and his much younger wife Phoebe Apperson Hearst, from a small town in Missouri. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. Earlier this year, The Palm . He was the only child of Phoebe Apperson Hearst, a former schoolteacher from Missouri, and George Hearst, a successful miner who became a multimillionaire and later a US Senator from California.. Hearst was a member of the US House of Representatives . [12], When Hearst purchased the "penny paper", so called because its copies sold for a penny apiece, the Journal was competing with New York's 16 other major dailies. [citation needed], In 1865, Hearst bought all of Rancho Santa Rosa totaling 13,184 acres (5,335ha) except one section of 160 acres (0.6km2) that Estrada lived on. Patricia played tennis there with Douglas Fairbanks Jr. and Buddy Rogers. Violet, the fictional out-of-wedlock daughter Violet (Emily Barber) of publishing magnate William Randolph Hearst, held the lavish 'do in the lobby of her father's paper, The New York. Patty Hearst is the granddaughter of American media magnate William Randolph Hearst. Indeed, the skeptics have a point. Leonard, Thomas C. "Hearst, William Randolph"; This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 08:20. Hearst fought hard against Wilsonian internationalism, the League of Nations, and the World Court, thereby appealing to an isolationist audience.[22]. [67] Hearst gradually bought adjoining land until he owned bout 250,000 acres (100,000ha). While he was an only child of a wealthy. Although Hearst shared Smith's opposition to Prohibition, he swung his papers behind Herbert Hoover in the 1928 presidential election. Later, while having dinner with her John, Violet briefly got to meet Laszlo for the first time. In 1898, Hearst pushed for war with Spain to liberate Cuba, which the Democrats opposed. [54] Duranty, who was widely credited with facilitating the rapprochement with Moscow, dismissed the Hearst-circulated reports of man-made starvation as a politically motivated "scare story". With the success of the Examiner, Hearst set his sights on larger markets and his former idol, now rival, Pulitzer. Not especially popular with either readers or editors when it was first published, in the 21st century, it is considered a classic, a belief once held only by Hearst himself. Legally Hearst avoided bankruptcy, although the public generally saw it as such as appraisers went through the tapestries, paintings, furniture, silver, pottery, buildings, autographs, jewelry, and other collectibles. [41] Breaking with Tammany in 1907, Hearst ran for mayor of New York City under a third party of his own creation, the Municipal Ownership League. [3] Following Hitler's rise to power, Hearst became a supporter of the Nazi party, ordering his journalists to publish favourable coverage of Nazi Germany, and allowing leading Nazis to publish articles in his newspapers. The Hearst news empire reached a revenue peak about 1928, but the economic collapse of the Great Depression in the United States and the vast over-extension of his empire cost him control of his holdings. The rich and wealthy around John made jokes and laughed at his expense. When Hitler asked why he was so misunderstood by the American press, Hearst retorted: "Because Americans believe in democracy, and are averse to dictatorship. Once owned by William Randolph Hearst, the property is returning to market for a reduced $89.75 million following a long bankruptcy saga The estate, which dates to 1927, is one of the best. But . He controlled the King Features syndicate and the International News Service, as well as six magazines, including Cosmopolitan, Good Housekeeping and Harper's Bazaar. One man called the mortuary and raised holy hell, Arthur Lake Jr. said from his mothers Indian Wells home, where portraits of Hearst and Davies cover the walls. Pulitzer countered by matching that price. On April 27, 1903, Hearst married 21-year-old Millicent Willson, a showgirl, in New York City. Born in San Francisco, California, on April 29, 1863, to George Hearst and Phoebe Apperson Hearst, young William was taught in private schools and on tours of Europe. Hearst was renowned for his extensive collection of international art that spanned centuries. Alyson Feltes (writer); Clare Kilner (director); (July 26, 2020); ", Alyson Feltes (writer); David Caffrey (director); (August 2, 2020); ", Tom Smuts & Amy Berg (writers); David Caffrey (director); (August 9, 2020); ", Stuart Carolan & Karina Wolf (writers); David Caffrey (director); (August 9, 2020); ". They wore their feelings on their pages, believing it was an honest and wholesome way to communicate with readers", but, as Whyte pointed out: "This appeal to feelings is not an end in itself [they believed] our emotions tend to ignite our intellects: a story catering to a reader's feelings is more likely than a dry treatise to stimulate thought. [47][48], While campaigning against Roosevelt's policy of developing formal diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, in 1935 Hearst ordered his editors to reprint eyewitness accounts of the Ukrainian famine (the Holodomor, which occurred in 1932-1933). The first year he sold items for a total of $11 million. Hearst, in this canard, is said to have responded, "Please remain. She lived her life on a satin pillow, Lake said fondly after his mothers death. THE TALE OF THE HIDDEN DAUGHTER OF WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST AND MARION DAVIES- PATRICIA VAN CLEVE (MRS. DAGWOOD BUMSTEAD), COPYRIGHT 2020 By TheLifeandTimesofHollywood.com, Stories From The Life and Times of Hollywood. Hearst used this as an excuse for his mother Phoebe Hearst to transfer him the necessary start-up funds. Hearst controlled the editorial positions and coverage of political news in all his papers and magazines, and thereby often published his personal views. His antics had ranged from sponsoring massive beer parties in Harvard Square to sending pudding pots used as chamber pots to his professors (their images were depicted within the bowls).[8]. The trustee cut Hearst's annual salary to $500,000, and stopped the annual payment of $700,000 in dividends. On September 9, 1948, Albert M. Lester of Carmel obtained a grant for the council of $20,000 from Hearst through the Hearst Foundation of New York City, offsetting the cost of the purchase.[72]. Millicent built an independent life for herself in New York City as a leading philanthropist. After moving to New York City, Hearst acquired the New York Journal and fought a bitter circulation war with Joseph Pulitzer's New York World. Willson was a vaudeville performer in New York City whom Hearst admired, and they married in 1903. The house appeared in the film The Godfather (1972). All of Hearst's sons went on to work in media, and William Randolph, Jr. became a Pulitzer Prize winner. But William Randolph Sr.'s most famous relative is his granddaughter Patty Hearst, daughter of Randolph Apperson, who gained national fame in 1974 when she was kidnapped by and temporarily defected to the Symbionese Liberation Army. Hearst invested heavily in the paper, upgrading the equipment and hiring the most talented writers of the time, including Mark Twain, Ambrose Bierce and Jack London. It is unlikely that the newspapers ever paid their own way; mining, ranching and forestry provided whatever dividends the Hearst Corporation paid out. 1. You can see the amazing resemblance between Patricia and W.H. Mercilessly caricatured in Citizen Kane, Hearst in reality was a populist multimillionaire who crusaded against political corruption. [76] The Castle was restored by Hearst, who spent a fortune buying entire rooms from other castles and palaces across the UK and Europe. William Randolph Hearst (1860-1951) was one of the most influential forces in the history of American journalism. The brothers worked for the privately-held Hearst Corporation and. [18], Under Hearst, the Journal remained loyal to the populist or left wing of the Democratic Party. ", Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: William Randolph Hearst, Birth Year: 1863, Birth date: April 29, 1863, Birth State: California, Birth City: San Francisco, Birth Country: United States, Best Known For: William Randolph Hearst is best known for publishing the largest chain of American newspapers in the late 19th century, and particularly for sensational "yellow journalism. Hearst gifted John and Violet with the very first German-designer luxury motorcar. Patricia Van Cleve Lake, "the only daughter of famed movie star Marion Davies and famed (publisher) William Randolph Hearst," was dead. The couple had five sons: George Randolph Hearst, born on April 23, 1904; William Randolph Hearst Jr., born on January 27, 1908; John Randolph Hearst, born September 26, 1909; and twins Randolph Apperson Hearst and David Whitmire (n Elbert Willson) Hearst, born on December 2, 1915. Even after the obscure obituary was published, naysayers called her a fraud. Violet is likely inspired by Patricia Van Cleeve Lake, who was long suspected of being the illegitimate daughter of publishing magnate William Randolph Hearst and American actress Marion Davies, who presented Patricia as her niece. [46] Hearst's papers were his weapon. Estrada mortgaged the ranch to Domingo Pujol, a Spanish-born San Francisco lawyer, who represented him. Hearst sold papers by printing giant headlines over lurid stories featuring crime, corruption, sex, and innuendos.