Following ovulation, plasma progesterone and estradiol rise and fall as they would in a normal ovulatory cycle.Available data suggest that both the estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties of clomiPHENE may participate in the initiation of ovulation. (See Clomiphene citrate is indicated only in patients with demonstrated ovulatory dysfunction who meet the conditions described below (see In addition, patients selected for clomiphene citrate therapy should be evaluated in regard to the following:There are no adequate or well-controlled studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of clomiphene citrate in the treatment of male infertility. Increasing the dosage or duration of therapy beyond 100 mg/day for 5 days is not recommended.The majority of patients who are going to ovulate will do so after the first course of therapy. Following ovulation, plasma progesterone and estradiol rise and fall as they would in a normal ovulatory cycle.Available data suggest that both the estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties of clomiphene may participate in the initiation of ovulation. No other abnormality was found, and the visual acuity returned to normal on the 3rd day after treatment was stopped.Ophthalmologically definable scotomata and retinal cell function (electroretinographic) changes have also been reported. However, because a correlation between ovarian cancer and nulliparity, infertility, and age has been suggested, if ovarian cysts do not regress spontaneously, a thorough evaluation should be performed to rule out the presence of ovarian neoplasia.Careful attention should be given to the selection of candidates for clomiPHENE citrate therapy. No permanent malformations were observed in those studies. It is freely soluble in methanol; soluble in ethanol; slightly soluble in acetone, water, and chloroform; and insoluble in ether.Clomiphene citrate is a mixture of two geometric isomers [cis (zuclomiphene) and trans (enclomiphene)] containing between 30% and 50% of the cis-isomer.Each off-white debossed tablet contains 50 mg clomiphene citrate USP. Clomid (clomiphene citrate) is a nonsteroidal, ovulatory stimulant used to treat ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovary syndrome in women who, after other reasons for pregnancy failure have been ruled out, desire pregnancy and follow additional instructions that make pregnancy more likely to occur with this drug use (see below about dosage and use). Some data suggest that zuclomiPHENE has greater estrogenic activity than enclomiPHENE.ClomiPHENE citrate has no apparent progestational, androgenic, or antiandrogenic effects and does not appear to interfere with pituitary-adrenal or pituitary-thyroid function.Although there is no evidence of a “carryover effect” of clomiPHENE citrate, spontaneous ovulatory menses have been noted in some patients after clomiPHENE citrate therapy.During clinical investigations, 7578 patients received clomiPHENE citrate, some of whom had impediments to ovulation other than ovulatory dysfunction (see INDICATIONS AND USAGE). If the patient has any visual symptoms, treatment should be discontinued and complete ophthalmologic evaluation performed.During clinical investigation, the experience from patients with known pregnancy outcome (Drug interactions with clomiphene citrate have not been documented.Long-term toxicity studies in animals have not been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic or mutagenic potential of clomiphene citrate.Oral administration of clomiphene citrate to male rats at doses of 0.3 or 1 mg/kg/day caused decreased fertility, while higher doses caused temporary infertility. The first endocrine event in response to a course of clomiphene therapy is an increase in the release of pituitary gonadotropins.